2019/12/24update:已解决线程并发导致主界面假死问题。
今天是冬至,祝大家有个愉快的的冬天。o(* ̄▽ ̄*)o
花了一天的时间给程序做了一个GUI,在调试多线程的时候遇到了困难,昨天晚上2点多才弄完,但是感觉这个多线程有点奇怪(雾
目录:
提示
我用的GUI开发环境是Qt Creator。Qt的下载地址和安装步骤看 这里 。
Qt creator的语法和C++一样,只不过在C++的基础上增加了专门用于图像界面的库,C++代码也可在Creator上流畅运行。
开始之前先新创一个项目,命名为Tracert。然后在Tracert.pro文件中添加我们需要用到的库,在任意行添加 "LIBS += -lWs2_32" 即可。
然后新建一个头文件threadtest.h和一个资源文件threadtest.cpp,用于创建多线程。在Forms目录下有一个布局文件mainwindow.ui,点击这个ui文件,我们可快捷编辑GUI布局。
现在我们的资源目录为:
代码
mainwindow.h中是我们主要的类,用于GUI和声明一些全局变量:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include "threadtest.h"
class TestThread;
extern int ipnumber;
extern int nowrow;
extern QString nowip;
extern int outtime;
namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
~MainWindow();
private slots:
void DisplayMsg(QString,bool,QString,QString);
void on_pushButton_clicked();
void on_pushButton_2_clicked();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
TestThread* t[255];
QString ip1;
QString ip2;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
threadtest.h 头文件用于创建线程类:
#ifndef TESTTHREAD_H
#define TESTTHREAD_H
#include <QThread>
#include "mainwindow.h"
class TestThread : public QThread
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit TestThread(QObject *parent = 0);
protected:
void run();
signals:
void TestSignal(QString,bool,QString,QString);
private:
int tnc=4;
};
#endif // TESTTHREAD_H
main.cpp不需要做任何改动:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QApplication>
#include <iostream>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
MainWindow w;
w.show();
return a.exec();
}
mainwindow.cpp 就是我们需要重点关注的地方了,GUI的绑定事件及GUI主界面的更新都在此文件内操作,所以代码有点长:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
QString nowip;
int nowrow;
int ipnumber;
int outtime;
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
QMainWindow(parent),
ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
WSADATA wsa;
WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsa);
ui->tableWidget->setColumnCount(4);
//ui->tableWidget->setRowCount(255);
ui->tableWidget->setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows);
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
//跳转到下一个IP地址
QString toNextIp(QString str1)
{
//QString2char
char *tempIp = (char *)malloc(17);
QByteArray ba = str1.toLatin1();
strcpy(tempIp,ba.data());
char temp[4][4];
int ip1=0;
int ip2=0;
for(int i=0; i < strlen(tempIp); i++)
{
if(tempIp[i]=='.')
{
temp[ip1][ip2] = '\0';
ip1++;
ip2=0;
continue;
}
temp[ip1][ip2] = tempIp[i];
ip2++;
}
temp[ip1][ip2] ='\0';
if(atoi(temp[3])==254)
{
strcpy(temp[3],"1");
}
else
{
int t1 = atoi(temp[3])+1;
itoa(t1,temp[3],10);
}
//cout <<temp[3];
char tip[17];
strcpy(tip,temp[0]);
for(int i=1; i<4; i++)
{
strcat(tip,".");
strcat(tip,temp[i]);
}
QString qs = QString::fromLocal8Bit(tip);
return qs;
}
//更新主界面
void MainWindow::DisplayMsg(QString aip,bool is_online,QString qsmac,QString qsname){
int row_c = ui->tableWidget->rowCount();
ui->tableWidget->insertRow(row_c);
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row_c,0,new QTableWidgetItem(aip));
if(is_online){
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row_c,3,new QTableWidgetItem(QString("Online")));
}else{
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row_c,3,new QTableWidgetItem(QString("Away")));
}
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row_c,1,new QTableWidgetItem(qsname));
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row_c,2,new QTableWidgetItem(qsmac));
}
//按钮监听
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()
{
ip1 = ui->lineEdit->text();
ip2 = ui->lineEdit_2->text();
QString outtime2 = ui->lineEdit_3->text();
ui->label_6->setText("from:"+ip1);
ui->label_7->setText("to:"+ip2);
outtime = outtime2.toInt();
int number=0;
while((QString::compare(ip1,ip2))<0){
number++;
ip1 = toNextIp(ip1);
}
ipnumber = number;
ip1 = ui->lineEdit->text();
int flag=0;
while(flag<ipnumber){
nowrow = flag;
nowip = ip1;
ip1 = toNextIp(ip1);
t[flag] = new TestThread();//新建线程
connect(t[flag], SIGNAL(TestSignal(QString,bool,QString,QString)), this, SLOT(DisplayMsg(QString,bool,QString,QString)));
//执行子线程
t[flag]->start();
Sleep(100);
flag++;
}
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_2_clicked()
{
exit(0);
}
threadtest.cpp 文件中包含了线程函数的参数传递,以及一下耗时的并发运算:
#include "threadtest.h"
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
TestThread::TestThread(QObject *parent) :
QThread(parent)
{
}
//IP 报头
typedef struct
{
unsigned char hdr_len:4; //4 位头部长度
unsigned char version:4; //4 位版本号
unsigned char tos; //8 位服务类型
unsigned short total_len; //16 位总长度
unsigned short identifier; //16 位标识符
unsigned short frag_and_flags; //3 位标志加 13 位片偏移
unsigned char ttl; //8 位生存时间
unsigned char protocol; //8 位上层协议号
unsigned short checksum; //16 位校验和
unsigned long sourceIP; //32 位源 IP 地址
unsigned long destIP; //32 位目的 IP 地址
} IP_HEADER;
//ICMP 报头
typedef struct
{
BYTE type; //8 位类型字段
BYTE code; //8 位代码字段
USHORT cksum; //16 位校验和
USHORT id; //16 位标识符
USHORT seq; //16 位序列号
} ICMP_HEADER;
//报文解码结构
typedef struct
{
USHORT usSeqNo; //序列号
DWORD dwRoundTripTime; //往返时间
in_addr dwIPaddr; //返回报文的 IP 地址
} DECODE_RESULT;
//计算网际校验和函数
USHORT checksum(USHORT *pBuf,int iSize)
{
unsigned long cksum=0;
while(iSize>1)
{
cksum+=*pBuf++;
iSize-=sizeof(USHORT);
}
if(iSize)
{
cksum+=*(UCHAR *)pBuf;
}
cksum=(cksum>>16)+(cksum&0xffff);
cksum+=(cksum>>16);
return (USHORT)(~cksum);
}
//对数据包进行解码,结果封装到Decode当中
/*
buf:接收到的buf,字符串
ipacketsize:接收到的数据长度
解析结果封装到DecodeResult
ICMP类型, echo_reply是一个常量,放到全局也行
ICMP类型
*/
BOOL DecodeIcmpResponse(char * pBuf,int iPacketSize,DECODE_RESULT &DecodeResult,BYTE ICMP_ECHO_REPLY,BYTE ICMP_TIMEOUT)
{
//检查数据报大小的合法性
IP_HEADER* pIpHdr = (IP_HEADER*)pBuf; //将接收到的数据转换成ip抱头
int iIpHdrLen = pIpHdr->hdr_len * 4;//计算报文长度
//如果接收的报文长度小于IP报文长度,就退出
if (iPacketSize < (int)(iIpHdrLen+sizeof(ICMP_HEADER)))
return FALSE;
//根据 ICMP 报文类型提取 ID 字段和序列号字段
ICMP_HEADER *pIcmpHdr=(ICMP_HEADER *)(pBuf+iIpHdrLen); //根据字符串结构体指针自动匹配长度
USHORT usID,usSquNo;
//如果返回的是回显应答报文
if(pIcmpHdr->type==ICMP_ECHO_REPLY) //ICMP 回显应答报文
{
usID=pIcmpHdr->id; //报文 ID
usSquNo=pIcmpHdr->seq; //报文序列号
}
//如果返回的是超时差错报文
else if(pIcmpHdr->type==ICMP_TIMEOUT)//ICMP 超时差错报文
{
char * pInnerIpHdr=pBuf+iIpHdrLen+sizeof(ICMP_HEADER); //载荷中的 IP 头
int iInnerIPHdrLen=((IP_HEADER *)pInnerIpHdr)->hdr_len*4; //载荷中的 IP 头长
ICMP_HEADER * pInnerIcmpHdr=(ICMP_HEADER *)(pInnerIpHdr+iInnerIPHdrLen);//载荷中的 ICMP 头
usID=pInnerIcmpHdr->id; //报文 ID
usSquNo=pInnerIcmpHdr->seq; //序列号
}
//如果都不是,则退出
else
{
return false;
}
//检查 ID 和序列号以确定收到期待数据报
//检查ID是否为当前进程ID,获取的序列号是否为指定序列号
if(usID!=(USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId()||usSquNo!=DecodeResult.usSeqNo)
{
return false;
}
//记录 IP 地址并计算往返时间
DecodeResult.dwIPaddr.s_addr=pIpHdr->sourceIP;
DecodeResult.dwRoundTripTime=GetTickCount()-DecodeResult.dwRoundTripTime;
//处理正确收到的 ICMP 数据报
if (pIcmpHdr->type == ICMP_ECHO_REPLY ||pIcmpHdr->type == ICMP_TIMEOUT)
{
//输出往返时间信息
if(DecodeResult.dwRoundTripTime)
cout<<" "<<DecodeResult.dwRoundTripTime<<"ms"<<flush;
else
cout<<" "<<"<1ms"<<flush;
}
return true;
}
//判断目标IP是否可达
bool tracert(char* IpAddress,int outtime)
{
bool is_reach = false;
//得到 IP 地址
u_long ulDestIP=inet_addr(IpAddress);
//转换不成功时按域名解析
if(ulDestIP==INADDR_NONE)
{
hostent * pHostent=gethostbyname(IpAddress);
if(pHostent)
{
ulDestIP=(*(in_addr*)pHostent->h_addr).s_addr;
}
else
{
cout<<"输入的 IP 地址或域名无效!"<<endl;
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}
}
cout<<"\nTracing route to "<<IpAddress<<" with a maximum of 30 hops.\n"<<endl;
//填充目地端 socket 地址
sockaddr_in destSockAddr;
ZeroMemory(&destSockAddr,sizeof(sockaddr_in));
destSockAddr.sin_family=AF_INET;//协议IPV4
destSockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr=ulDestIP;//目的IP地址
//创建原始套接字
SOCKET sockRaw=WSASocket(AF_INET,SOCK_RAW,IPPROTO_ICMP,NULL,0,WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED);
//超时时间
int iTimeout=outtime;
//接收超时
setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,(char *)&iTimeout,sizeof(iTimeout));
//发送超时
setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,(char *)&iTimeout,sizeof(iTimeout));
//构造 ICMP 回显请求消息,并以 TTL 递增的顺序发送报文
//ICMP 类型字段
const BYTE ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST=8; //请求回显
const BYTE ICMP_ECHO_REPLY=0; //回显应答
const BYTE ICMP_TIMEOUT=11; //传输超时
//其他常量定义
const int DEF_ICMP_DATA_SIZE=32; //ICMP 报文默认数据字段长度
const int MAX_ICMP_PACKET_SIZE=1024;//ICMP 报文最大长度(包括报头)
const DWORD DEF_ICMP_TIMEOUT=3000; //回显应答超时时间
const int DEF_MAX_HOP=30; //最大跳站数
//填充 ICMP 报文中每次发送时不变的字段
//发送缓冲区
char IcmpSendBuf[sizeof(ICMP_HEADER)+DEF_ICMP_DATA_SIZE];//发送缓冲区
memset(IcmpSendBuf, 0, sizeof(IcmpSendBuf)); //初始化发送缓冲区,用0填充
//接收缓冲区
char IcmpRecvBuf[MAX_ICMP_PACKET_SIZE]; //接收缓冲区
memset(IcmpRecvBuf, 0, sizeof(IcmpRecvBuf)); //初始化接收缓冲区,用0填充
ICMP_HEADER * pIcmpHeader=(ICMP_HEADER*)IcmpSendBuf; //发送报头
pIcmpHeader->type=ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST; //类型为请求回显,8
pIcmpHeader->code=0; //代码字段为 0
pIcmpHeader->id=(USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId(); //ID 字段为当前进程号
memset(IcmpSendBuf+sizeof(ICMP_HEADER),'E',DEF_ICMP_DATA_SIZE);//数据字段,用'E'填充
USHORT usSeqNo=0; //ICMP 报文序列号
int iTTL=1; //TTL 初始值为 1
BOOL bReachDestHost=FALSE; //循环退出标志
int iMaxHot=DEF_MAX_HOP; //循环的最大次数 30
DECODE_RESULT DecodeResult; //传递给报文解码函数的结构化参数
while(!bReachDestHost&&iMaxHot--)
{
//设置 IP 报头的 TTL 字段
setsockopt(sockRaw,IPPROTO_IP,IP_TTL,(char *)&iTTL,sizeof(iTTL));
cout<<iTTL<<flush; //输出当前序号
//填充 ICMP 报文中每次发送变化的字段
((ICMP_HEADER *)IcmpSendBuf)->cksum=0; //校验和先置为 0
((ICMP_HEADER *)IcmpSendBuf)->seq=htons(usSeqNo++); //填充序列号
((ICMP_HEADER *)IcmpSendBuf)->cksum=checksum((USHORT *)IcmpSendBuf,sizeof(ICMP_HEADER)+DEF_ICMP_DATA_SIZE); //计算校验和
//记录序列号和当前时间
DecodeResult.usSeqNo=((ICMP_HEADER*)IcmpSendBuf)->seq; //当前序号
DecodeResult.dwRoundTripTime=GetTickCount(); //当前时间
//发送 TCP 回显请求信息
sendto(sockRaw,IcmpSendBuf,sizeof(IcmpSendBuf),0,(sockaddr*)&destSockAddr,sizeof(destSockAddr));
//接收 ICMP 差错报文并进行解析处理
sockaddr_in from; //对端 socket 地址
int iFromLen=sizeof(from); //地址结构大小
int iReadDataLen; //接收数据长度
while(1)
{
//接收数据
iReadDataLen=recvfrom(sockRaw,IcmpRecvBuf,MAX_ICMP_PACKET_SIZE,0,(sockaddr*)&from,&iFromLen);
if(iReadDataLen!=SOCKET_ERROR)//有数据到达
{
//对数据包进行解码
if(DecodeIcmpResponse(IcmpRecvBuf,iReadDataLen,DecodeResult,ICMP_ECHO_REPLY,ICMP_TIMEOUT))
{
//到达目的地,退出循环
if(DecodeResult.dwIPaddr.s_addr==destSockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr)bReachDestHost=true;
//输出 IP 地址
cout<<'\t'<<inet_ntoa(DecodeResult.dwIPaddr)<<endl;
if(DecodeResult.dwIPaddr.s_addr == destSockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr)
{
//cout << inet_ntoa(destSockAddr.sin_addr)<<"可达!"<<endl;
is_reach = true;
}
break;
}
}
else if(WSAGetLastError()==WSAETIMEDOUT) //接收超时,输出*号
{
cout<<" *"<<'\t'<<"Request timed out."<<endl;
break;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
iTTL++; //递增 TTL 值
}
return is_reach;
}
// get mac and pcName
int _System(const char * cmd, char *pRetMsg, int msg_len,char *mac,char*name)
{
FILE * fp;
char * p = NULL;
int res = -1;
char mac1[128];
char name1[128];
if (cmd == NULL || pRetMsg == NULL || msg_len < 0)
{
printf("Param Error!\n");
return -1;
}
if ((fp = _popen(cmd, "r")) == NULL)
{
printf("Popen Error!\n");
return -2;
}
else
{
memset(pRetMsg, 0, msg_len);
//get lastest result
int index = 0;
while (fgets(pRetMsg, msg_len, fp) != NULL)
{
if(index==8){
//printf("Msg:%s", pRetMsg); //print all info
// printf(strlen(pRetMsg));
strcpy(mac1,pRetMsg);
int m1=0;
for(int i=4;mac1[i]!=' ';i++){
mac[m1++] = mac1[i];
}
//printf("%s\n",mac);
}else if(index==13){
//printf("Msg:%s", pRetMsg); //print all info
strcpy(name1,pRetMsg);
int n1=0;
for(int i=15;name1[i]!=' ';i++){
name[n1++] = name1[i];
}
//printf("%s\n",name);
}
index++;
}
if ((res = _pclose(fp)) == -1)
{
printf("close popenerror!\n");
return -3;
}
pRetMsg[strlen(pRetMsg) - 1] = '\0';
return 0;
}
}
void TestThread::run()
{
//触发信号
//tnc = 5;
//emit TestSignal(nowip,outtime);
char *tempIp = (char *)malloc(17);
QByteArray ba = nowip.toLatin1();
strcpy(tempIp,ba.data());
cout << tempIp <<endl;
bool is_online=false;
char mac[50]={0};
char name[50] = {0};
QString qsname;
QString qsmac;
if(tracert(tempIp,outtime)){
is_online = true;
//ui->tableWidget->setItem(row_c,3,new QTableWidgetItem(QString("Online")));
char cmd[50] = "nbtstat -a ";
strcat(cmd,tempIp);
char a8Result[128] = { 0 };
int ret = 0;
ret = _System(cmd, a8Result, sizeof(a8Result),mac,name);
if(!ret){
// printf("%s\n",mac);
// printf("%s\n",name);
qsname = QString::fromLocal8Bit(name);
qsmac = QString::fromLocal8Bit(mac);
cout << name<<" "<<mac<<endl;
//ui->tableWidget->setItem(row_c,1,new QTableWidgetItem(qsname));
//ui->tableWidget->setItem(row_c,2,new QTableWidgetItem(qsmac));
}
}
TestSignal(nowip,is_online,qsmac,qsname);
}
以上便是全部代码了。
运行演示
程序能正常运行。 ? ? ?
(上午更新了获取MAC地址。
注意!!!获取MAC地址的方法是代替cmd执行 nbtstat -a [ip],但是命令只能在Windows 7/XP & Linux上才能运行,也就是说如果在Windows7/XP上执行程序能获取Mac&PcName,在Windows 8/10系统运行不会获取 Mac&PcName ,但不影响程序运行。示例图有个乱码不用介意)
请问能给一下ui的代码吗?
抱歉,年代过于久远,已经缺失了
test
有ui的代码吗?
Long time supporter, and thought I'd drop a comment.
Your wordpress site is very sleek - hope you don't mind me asking what theme you're using?
(and don't mind if I steal it? :P)
I just launched my site --also built in wordpress like yours-- but the theme slows (!) the site down quite a bit.
In case you have a minute, you can find it by searching for "royal cbd" on Google (would appreciate
any feedback) - it's still in the works.
Keep up the good work-- and hope you all take care of yourself during the
coronavirus scare!
Of course,a theme named ‘Power Blog’, based on the theme ‘Reblog’. And I’m sorry that I can’t find your website.Please tell me your website address if you can. :D)
我已放弃C++(逃
我也不想搞这个,但是课程设计必须用C++?
底层系统都用 C、C++,只是我太久不写快忘光了